{"id":23889,"date":"2023-07-14T10:06:39","date_gmt":"2023-07-14T01:06:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ircn.jp\/?p=23889"},"modified":"2023-07-21T11:06:55","modified_gmt":"2023-07-21T02:06:55","slug":"20230714_takamitsu_watanabe","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ircn.jp\/en\/pressrelease\/20230714_takamitsu_watanabe","title":{"rendered":"Autism+ADHD co-occurrence \u2260 Autism + ADHD \u2014The ADHD traits in autism+ADHD comorbid condition are governed by unique neural mechanisms unseen in pure ADHD\u2014"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"line-height:200%\"><\/p>\n<div align=\"center\"><strong> <font size=\"4\">Autism+ADHD co-occurrence \u2260 Autism + ADHD<br \/>\n\u2014The ADHD traits in autism+ADHD comorbid condition are governed by unique neural mechanisms unseen in pure ADHD\u2014l<\/font><\/div>\n<p><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have cognitive rigidity and tend to persist in specific thoughts, whereas those with ADHD exhibit overly flexible cognition and trouble concentrating.<br \/>\nDespite such contrast, clinically, the two neurodevelopmental disorders are often reported to co-exist in one person. Recent updates of the widely-used diagnosis systems allowed such co-occurrence.<br \/>\nHow can such a co-occurrence happen? Is such an ASD+ADHD comorbid condition equivalent to simply adding the two prevalent neurodevelopmental conditions?<br \/>\nIn new work published in eNeuro, Mr. Daichi Watanabe, a then-intern student at The University of Tokyo International Research Center for Neurointelligence (UTokyo, WPI-IRCN; currently, an undergraduate student at University of California Berkely), and Associate Professor Takamitsu Watanabe at UTokyo WPI-IRCN have addressed this question: in short, the ASD+ADHD condition is not equivalent to a merger of pure ASD and pure ADHD but a subtype of ASD with unique brain dynamics that underpin its ADHD-like cognitive overflexibility (Figure. 1).<br \/>\nIn this study, using two original data-driven approaches, the IRCN researchers analyzed resting-state brain activity datasets obtained from 338 children. The analyses revealed that the ASD-like socio-communicational symptoms of the ASD+ADHD condition are attributable to the same neural rigidity (i.e., overly stable whole-brain neural activity). In contrast, its ADHD-like traits are not governed by the neural mechanisms seen in the pure ADHD condition.<br \/>\nIn particular, the researchers found that the different brain regions induce seemingly the same ADHD-like behaviors in the ASD+ADHD children and pure ADHD children. In the ASD+ADHD group, the unstable neural activity of the prefrontal area is the trigger of the whole-brain over-flexible neural activity, whereas the parietal area is such a trigger in the pure ADHD group.<br \/>\nThese studies indicate that the comorbidity of ASD and ADHD is not a simple overlap of the two conditions and suggest that the condition would need a bespoke diagnosis and treatment.<br \/>\n<\/br><\/p>\n<div style=\"text-align: center;\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/ircn.jp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/Figure07191-e1689899577587.png\" alt=\"\" style=\"max-width: 100%;\" \/><\/div>\n<div style=\"padding:0px 60px\"><small>Figure 1. Autistic socio-communicational symptoms seen in children with both autism and ADHD are governed by the same neural mechanisms as in those with autism only. In contrast, the ADHD-like behaviors of the ASD+ADHD condition are underpinned by unique brain mechanisms that are not observed in the pure ADHD condition. <\/div>\n<\/p>\n<p><\/small><br \/>\n<\/br><\/p>\n<p>Reference<br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/ircn.jp\/en\/mission\/people\/takamitsu_watanabe\">Watanabe<\/a>, D. & Watanabe, T. Distinct frontoparietal brain dynamics underlying the co-occurrence of autism and ADHD. <em>eNeuro<\/em> (2023) doi:<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1523\/ENEURO.0146-23.2023\">10.1523\/ENEURO.0146-23.2023.<\/a><br \/>\n<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Autism+ADHD co-occurrence \u2260 Autism + ADHD \u2014The ADHD traits in autism+ADHD comorbid condition are governed by unique neural mechanisms unseen in pure ADHD\u2014l Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) [&hellip;]","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":23894,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[185],"tags":[],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/ircn.jp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/29d3bc99193cb0b837fb8cc53f050ae5-1-e1689235194238.png","jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p9Xf4o-6dj","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ircn.jp\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/23889"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ircn.jp\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ircn.jp\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ircn.jp\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/11"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ircn.jp\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=23889"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/ircn.jp\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/23889\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":23939,"href":"https:\/\/ircn.jp\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/23889\/revisions\/23939"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ircn.jp\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/23894"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ircn.jp\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=23889"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ircn.jp\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=23889"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ircn.jp\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=23889"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}